We estimate Eq. (1) by replacing Dij (Bij) with three different sets of dowry and bride price paid to others (i.e., \( \overlinej>> \) and \( \overlinej>> \) , \( \overline> \) and \( \overline> \) , or the community-based dowry and bride price), and three sets of reduced-form estimation results are presented in Table 4. Each panel presents estimation results of a reduced-form regression with a different set of dowry and bride price paid to others. To colombian women be comparable with Panel A, the OLS estimation results with women who have at least one brother and one sister are presented in Appendix Table 8. The reduced-form estimation results support the main OLS estimation results shown in Table 2. That is, women enjoy higher status in the ily that tends to exchange higher dowries and when they come from a higher-dowry village, whereas a larger bride price is negatively associated with these same traits. Here, the amount of bride price paid to the wife’s sisters by their in-laws is significantly negatively associated with the wife’s autonomy. The third set, i.e., the community-based dowry and bride price, does not show any significant association with women’s status. This is likely because relatively weaker association between the community-based dowry (bride price) and the personal dowry (bride price) that the bride receives from her parents (in-laws) than other two sets. The estimates for other coefficients are not inconsistent with those shown in Table 2 and are available upon request.
Dining table cuatro Connection anywhere between dowry/bride rates (paid back from the from inside the-regulations regarding siblings, anyone else on the town and you can area) and you may wife’s status on the relationship house (OLS)
cuatro.3 Dialogue and you will robustness monitors
For the deciding the newest ladies condition throughout the marital family, the result of your own web dowry (dowry minus bride price) could possibly get amount. Keep in mind that the level of deferred mehr is included by themselves regarding the web dowry while the previous has never been repaid except if divorce happen and cannot be considered property put towards relationships. The outcomes suggest that the property brought on ount) enhance their particular choice-and also make stamina and you may liberty. Such confident contacts aren’t shocking as the new connections out-of fiance speed paid off at the time of matrimony work at counter so you’re able to that from dowry however estimations.
Perhaps, an elevated years or studies improvement you will damage brand new wife’s status on relationship household. Together with years huge difference also studies differences (substitution the brand new husband’s ages and you may studies) cannot affect the fundamental effects, while the coefficients of these variables are not extreme (Appendix Dining table nine, Panel B).
The estimate techniques was constant by the replacement dowry and you can bride-to-be speed with internet dowry (Appendix Table 9, Committee Good)
One to you are going to argue that what amount of decades because the marriage are important because the end result away from dowry (otherwise bride to be price) might possibly be better following relationships. As well as ages due to the fact ount of dowry (substitution woman’s ages from the marriage) magnifies the base aftereffect of dowry when you look at the ladies independency however, decrease their magnitude and the relevance height during the ladies’ decision-making (Appendix Table nine, Committee C). What this means is one to a bigger dowry boosts the wife’s liberty when you look at the the marital family just after relationships; but not, the newest association isn’t somewhat influenced by the passage through of decades just like the marriage.
No measure of gender ideology is included in the main estimate on account of endogeneity issues. You to definitely you will believe introduction of such strategies can get undermine new connection ranging from dowry and you can women’s status about relationship family. Although we usually do not refute the possibility that tastes and you will ideological beliefs about the gender interactions aren’t inherent and change along the marital lifestyle, the quote processes is regular by the as well as a few steps to have young buck preference: the original changeable translates to one if the wife’s greatest amount of sons are more than regarding daughters and the second equals that when the wife would like to give degree so you can sons unlike so you can daughters. Dealing with for gender ideology will not dramatically change the head estimate abilities (Appendix Dining table nine, Committee D). Surprisingly, women’s decision making are positively of child taste. Although not, it’s adversely on the preference getting bringing degree to sons as compared with daughters. A possible translation would be the fact very knowledgeable female can be up against gender inequality from inside the knowledge and get a great deal more energized about marital household but favor with much more sons than just daughters. Which looks in line with certain existing education showing you to young man taste is much more prevalent among extremely experienced feminine instead of ignorant feminine in Southern Asia (Das Gupta 1987; Muhuri and you will Preston 1991).